Life in the Trenches free essay sample

This paper takes a look at trench warfare during World War I. This paper explains the history of trench warfare, how trenches are built and the intolerable conditions of the soldiers who fought in them. Thank God I am on my way home from this miserable mess. Having been tortured for years by horrible sights and sounds that will continue to clash around in my head like thunderstormseven if I never return in body, I will never be able to leave in mind. Second Lieutenant Innes Meo of the United States made this statement in a diary entry written around 1920 (qtd in Simkin). This was only one example of the profound effects that World War I had on the soldiers who fought in it. World War I altered many of the traditional ideas about war, ranging from ideals of glory and honor to basic things like war machinery and battlefield tactics. We will write a custom essay sample on Life in the Trenches or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Trench warfare was one of those basic things, emerging from the shadows during World War I. It was so effective that it became an attractive military strategy that spread quickly and left the horrors of trench life unforeseen.

Role of Bank Capital Essay Example

Role of Bank Capital Essay Introduction The main aim of this report is to identify the key roles played by bank capital in the banking business. This report briefly outlines the main functions of bank capital and takes a brief look at the benefits of bank capital to the bank and the banking industry. It is hoped that from reading this paper a general understanding of the roles of bank capital in the banking business can be gained. Bank Capital A banks capital also known as equity is the margin by which creditors are covered if the banks assets were liquidated. A bank must hold enough capital to protect lenders and depositors from losses and also allow the bank to meet its customer requirements. Banks must maintain capital levels equal with the amount of risks assumed and hold enough to weather severe and considerably long financial storms. Roles of Bank Capital Banks are susceptible to many forms of systematic risk which at times can evolve into industrial crisis. The risks they face include credit risk, market risk, business risk and interest rate risk to name a few. And bank capital plays an essential role in the absorption of losses related to these risks. Credit Risk Credit risk is the risk that an obligator will not make future interest payments or principle repayments when due and is the main risk faced by banks, considering how large global financial markets are and the proportion of transactions that may be at risk. Credit risk tends to vary with the business cycle as initial rapid expansion results in falling spreads, and a decline in credit widening spreads with banks being hit by large loses as the spread widens. We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Bank Capital specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Bank Capital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Bank Capital specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Banks are taking on more diverse forms of lending including direct finance, margin lending, over the counter derivatives transactions with the high number of potential defaults in these areas exposing them to large amounts of counterparty risk. There is also credit risk involved with futures brokerage involving intermediaries and the substantial credit risks from settling foreign exchange contracts which are often underestimated. Credit risk also may exist in credit derivatives and asset securitization transactions. To protect themselves banks need to identify the type of credit risk correctly, price it accurately and maintain adequately high amounts of capital in both good times and bad times. Market Risk Capital also protects banks against market risk. This is the risk associated with the movements and volatility in market prices which can cause large swings in bank profitability. Continuous changes in technology and market creativity are resulting in ever changing financial products and market risks making evident a relationship between markets that we had previously thought of as unrelated. These unpredictable changes require banks to maintain strong capital levels especially with the period a bank has to alter its risk profile becoming shorter due to greater competition. Business Risk Capital also provides a cushion against exposures to elements that can impact on the firms’ activities and may result in the bank losing ground relative to its competitors or failing to earn a market rate of return. Bank capital is a crucial aid in relation to operational risk which may result in loss by a bank of its critical business operations due to a disaster such as loss of a communications system which can lead to fraud or processing errors. With the continuing diversification of banking, the growing concentration of the crucial payments, the fast pace of financial innovation and settlements, the importance of operational risk is rising and bank capital becoming more crucial in this area. Liquidity Liquidity is the ability to fund increases in assets and meet obligations as they become due. Banks still play a crucial role as liquidity providers in the global economy especially during market shocks or economic turbulence. Adequate bank capital helps reduces liquidity risk, that is, the risk that many depositors will request withdrawals beyond available funds. Banks have managed the general expected liquidity demands since the beginning of the banking business with occasional mismatches exposing banks to interest rate risk, which is the risk that the bank will become unprofitable if rising interest rates force it to pay relatively more on its deposits than it eceives on its loans. Normally this risk can also be managed easily by hedging interest rate changes by the use of derivative instruments. However unanticipated system wide shocks result in a greater demand for liquidity and are far more difficult to deal with. At such times significant liquidity demands emerge from both a banks asset and the liability side. Refinancing short-term debt in the money markets is liabili ty related and off-balance-sheet exposures can unexpectedly come onto the assets side of the balance sheet. Therefore a bank must be prepared when there is a market wide scramble for liquidity and be able to manage funding challenges and unplanned asset expansions simultaneously by having sufficient bank capital. Promote economic growth A strongly capitalized banking sector also is better able to promote innovation, whether in the form of new products, new services or new distribution channels. Banks do not just hold capital to overcome distress, but also because it provides them with financial flexibility. Banks with a strong capital base can take advantage of growth opportunities. A strong banking sector made up of banks with strong capital bases, is better able to supply credit to businesses and fund investment opportunities that promise to encourage growth, create employment and contribute to a stronger economy. On the other hand a weak banking sector with banks unable to function effectively as risk intermediaries inevitably leads to inadequate credit and liquidity in financial markets and to banks that are unable to help boost the productivity of the economy. Clearly this has a grave social impact given the importance of credit and liquidity to the overall economy. Benefits of strong bank capitalization Well capitalized banks will be able to continue with there normal lending practices in the event of an economic shock and will not be forced to reduce their asset base. As well as this they are able to assist weaker banks through the provision of deposit insurance premiums. Sufficient excess capital reserves enable banks to enter into large ventures without having to raise new capital. Banks are not inclined to take on numerous high risk borrowers purely for the potential benefit of high returns as they are not desperately seeking profits to increase their capital base. Excess capital holds the benefit of avoiding high financing costs. An example would be a bank having to pay a high rate of interest on loans from other banks if the banks excess capital reserves are found to be insufficient. With fast-paced technological change predominately in the information systems area well capitalized banks are cushion from the enormous costs of, for example total system upgrades. Finally a banks reputation will suffer if the bank finds it difficult to meet the regulatory body’s capital requirements. Large banks wish to keep their good ratings and therefore have considerable high capital reserves because rating agencies make demands regarding the banks excess capital reserves as a condition for a high rating Conclusion The role of capital is to act as a buffer against future unexpected and even relatively remote losses that a bank may incur and be a source of liquidity. Because banks can both create demand deposits and provide credit they act as shock absorbers during times of turbulence providing safety to risk weary investors and liquidity to borrowers. The dramatic effects of weak banking systems can be seen in both developed and developing economies and the repercussions these have had on financial markets everywhere. Each occasion is a reminder of the need for strongly capitalized financial institutions. References Viney C 2007, McGrath’s Financial Institutions, Instruments and Markets, McGraw- Hill †¢Mehta D, Fung H 2004, International Bank Management, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK †¢Bacon F, Tai S, Shin, Suk H, Garg R 2004, Basics of Financial Management, Copley Publishing Company, Action, MA †¢Berger A N, Herring R J, Szego G P 1995, The role of capital in financial institutions, Journal of Banking and Finance 19, Nos. 3-4. †¢Diamond, Douglas W, Rajan R G 2000, A Theory of Bank Capital, The Journal of Finance, V ol. LV, no. 6

The Essay on College Education - A Sample For Elementary Schools

The Essay on College Education - A Sample For Elementary SchoolsWhile this is a simple sample paragraph essay, it is very effective and should be used by every elementary student in the classroom to help them prepare for the AP course they are taking. The main point of this essay is to get students to read the essay, then copy and paste the first paragraph over again until it becomes second nature to them.This sample paragraph essay was written in 2020, but it is still very effective in conveying information to the young readers. The majority of the students who have taken the essay, have already used it at home to make a report for school. Since their teachers approved it, it will not do any harm to use it in their classrooms.The first paragraph in this essay talks about some of the benefits students will have by attending college. The students were asked to select three benefits that they could relate to, and then they were asked to write a four-paragraph essay on the benefits.This first paragraph starts out by describing the benefits of going to college. These benefits are explained briefly and clearly. The students then write a brief summary of these benefits and explain how they apply to them.Then, the students went into the second paragraph to explain what the benefits of going to college mean to them. Again, the students were asked to briefly explain how they use the benefits. The students also wrote brief summaries about the benefits, and they were asked to demonstrate how these benefits apply to them.The third paragraph ends with an explanation of the benefits to the student who went to college. Students were asked to mention one or two benefits that they found most important. The student then describes how the student in college will benefit from the benefits and explains how it can be done in class.In the fourth paragraph, the students were asked to summarize the benefits of attending college and to explain why they want to go to college. The student s then explain how this can be done in class and how students can study and make their college experience enjoyable.These paragraphs are helpful in helping students understand how a college education will benefit them and how they can find out more about it. They are also useful in helping students practice using the skills they learned in class.

The Highwayman Literary Devices Essays

The Highwayman Literary Devices Essays The Highwayman Literary Devices Paper The Highwayman Literary Devices Paper Essay Topic: Poetry metaphor The wind was a torrent of darkness. simile Dumb as a dog he listened. alliteration His face burned like a brand as the black cascade of perfume onomatopoeia Tlot-tlot! Tlot-tlot! Had they heard it? personification There was Death at every window.. repetition Then look for me by moonlight, Watch for me by moonlight, Ill come to thee by moonlight. situational irony The characters in the poem do not know Tim the ostler is listening to their plans. The reader has information the characters do not. allusion King Georges men came marching up to the old inn door. stanza a group of lines in a poem similar to a paragraph in an essay hook for the poem Set the Scene clincher for the poem Hook and Return emphatic verb I did love the poem The Highwayman. I do recommend it to everyone! imagery black cascade of perfume came tumbling over his breast.. external conflict a conflict between a character and another person or nature internal conflict a conflict between a character and himself ballad a poem with a song-like quality, usually with a romantic theme narrative poem a poem that tells a story rhythm and meter a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables to create a sound effect metaphor The road was a ribbon of moonlight simile His hair like moldy hay

Strategic thinking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Strategic thinking - Assignment Example 13-14). Strategy formulation depends on the management’s ability & organizations resources. These are the predictable issues which can be answered by forming brilliant strategies. But we should also keep a provision for the uncertainties of the environment. These uncertainties can destroy any good enterprise if the provision to face them is not properly & timely created. Thus strategic thinking and general management offers a framework to the organization towards planning its course of action and it involves a great amount of risk. For making the appropriate plan and to eliminate the possible uncertainties from the organization’s operations a manager often takes up the role of a leader who guides, instructs and motivates his followers and work together towards achieving the firm’s objectives. Introduction and Overview The present topic deals with a great leader who managed to influenced many and is known as a successful leader throughout the world. Counted among the great names like Gautama Buddha, Prophet Mohammad, and Jesus Christ, Mahatma Gandhi is considered to be a legend, one of the greatest spiritual and political leaders of all times. Hailed as the ‘father of the nation’, he was the pioneer of the non violent movement also called the ‘Satyagraha’ against the British tyranny in India in order to bring about a social change. The policy of non violence was not just a political strategy, but it was based in spirituality because of which Mahatma Gandhi became a name to be reckoned with not only in his own country but throughout the world (Hatt, 2002). His legacy includes a brilliantly organized struggle against racism in South Africa, active contribution in the freedom struggle of his own country and using his policy of non violence in order to bring about a positive change in the society. The word â€Å"Mahatma† means great soul and great leaders of the world like Nelson Mandela and Marin Luther King Jr have called Mahatma Gandhi an inspiration, a motivation in their struggle for fighting for the rights and equality for the people. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr had said about him â€Å"Christ gave us the goals and Mahatma Gandhi the tactics†. Background and Personal life Mohandas Karam chand Gandhi was born to a Hindu family in a small town called Porbandar in the state of Gujarat on October 2nd 1896.He was the youngest son of Karamchand Gandhi and Putli bai. His father was the advisor to the local ruler of the three native states of Kathiawar. He was always known for his loyalty and steadfastness. From his early childhood he was deeply influenced by his mother who was the embodiment of a traditional Indian woman. She was a devoted wife and mother along with being austere and pious. Her qualities had made a deep impression in the young Gandhi. He was also influenced by the life Kind Harish chandra, his sufferings, his loyalty, his devotion towards truth. As a boy he had aspired to become like the great King. In his later stage of life he was also impressed by visionaries like Ruskin and Tolstoy. Gandhi had completed his schooling from Albert high school located in the nearby town of Rajkot. His school he was average and showed no brilliance. He was not into games and also a loner. He however showed deep respect for his teachers. From his early childhood Gandhi was bent on the spiritual side of existence. Little incidents like

Should our courts, as Jane Stapleton has suggested, wipe out recovery Essay

Should our courts, as Jane Stapleton has suggested, wipe out recovery for pure nervous shock on the basis that no reasonable bou - Essay Example It goes without saying that existed times in the history of the English society in general and the world community in particular when ‘harm’ as it goes in the law was considered to be a gross and visible injury caused to a person or persons1. As the science of psychology and psychiatry evolved and gained formal recognition, it dawned upon the society and the associated disciplines and institutions like law that the notion of a ‘psychiatric injury or harm’, sometimes unaccompanied by blood or gore was a valid, acceptable and plausible possibility. So, the institution of law attempted to commensurately extend the available remedies and recoveries, albeit to accommodate within its ambit the notions of psychiatric injury or harm. The concept of ‘nervous shock’ within the English law is a direct outcome of such humane and propitious developments.2 The problem is that the ‘nervous shock’ inflicted on a person is often not quantifiable lik e physical injuries, not to mention the many other pragmatic problems associated with this legal concept. In the light of this problem, there exists a school of intelligentsia represented by luminaries like Jane Stapleton who advocate the abolition of the legal remedies associated with such harm.3 Yet, it will be utterly sensitive and reasonable to hold that considering the problems and confusions associated with a form of injury or harm, necessitates and calls for a further evolution of the English law, rather than vying for the already scarce remedies available for it. Nervous Shock As per the English Law, ‘nervous shock’ stands to be a psychiatric illness caused to a person, usually intentionally. This legal provision also includes the psychiatric illnesses caused to a person owing to the negligent behaviour of somebody. It goes without saying that the term ‘nervous shock’ is somewhat misleading in the context of the issue it intends to cover. Yet, the E nglish Law has chosen to continue with the usage of this term to refer to the complex notion or concept it alludes to. As per the English Law, a person can claim damages, owing to the nervous shock caused to one by the intentional or negligent behaviour of a person or a party. However, recovery due to nervous shock is to some extent restrained if not impossible in the English Law. This development is influenced by the fact that mostly no reasonable boundaries for the course of action can be traced in such cases. ‘Nervous shock’ is this context is an issue that the English Law is still trying to grapple with so as to somewhat concretize and positively solidify the remedies and provisions associated with this form of wrong or injury.4 Problems Associated with the Concept of Nervous Shock In the realm of law, which depends to a great extent on logic, rationality and the analysis of reasonable and verifiable facts, the concept of ‘nervous shock’ almost seems to be an aberration and anomaly. In that context, the possibility of a mental injury or shock appears to have a predilection towards the realm of philosophy or metaphysics. Mind, no doubt, since times immemorial has been considered to be a metaphysical term, which is known and understood by many but which evades all attempts at generalization or the possibility of arriving at a common agreement as to holding some universal definition.5 Mind is an attribute that has to do

Factors Influencing Supply and Demand of Food Research Paper - 1

Factors Influencing Supply and Demand of Food - Research Paper Example It highlights the main reasons for some of these factors such as food scarcity, prices and volatility. Food scarcity is a significant issue affecting economies globally as they strive to maintain healthy communities. As population increases, pressure on arable land has mounted leading to reduced soil fertility and pasture for livestock production. Potential land for food production is no longer available for farming as a human settlement has continued to expand. FAO (2012) postulated that a 60% increase in food production will be required to sustain the global population by 2050. Many other forces are influencing the availability of food. Climate change and global warming have led to negative changes that have occurred in areas that formed part of the global food basket but no longer support farming as a result of reduced rainfall and desertification. Desertification in Africa, Asia and Southern Australia, arid areas of Spain, Northern and Southern America has caused significant food shortages. Poor farming methods, overgrazing and deforestation of vast areas have accelerated desertif ication to the current crisis leading to dire food shortage globally (Kendall & Pimentel, 2010). Among other dynamics, demand for food is influenced by socio-economic factors that influence people’s food habits. For example, improved incomes globally as more people are able to participate in gainful employment has increased the demand for expensive food such as fast foods and chicken that require more energy to produce compared to the conventional foods. Culture and religion influence what people believe to be edible and hence lower or increase demand for particular foods (Kendall & Pimentel, 2010). Nutzenadel & Trentmann (2008) argue that malnutrition and global food scarcity can be curtailed by discouraging prohibitive beliefs and promoting acceptance of a wide variety of food materials  especially animal proteins that are not eaten by members of certain religious and cultural groups such as pork consumption among communities in the Middle East and beef consumption among the Hindu. Many insect species have been found to be important protein sources but people have not accepted them as food sources (Brouver & Staveren, 2006).